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Bull Durham

Stuart Davis

Bull Durham

1920

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Stuart Davis

Bull Durham

1920

Physical Qualities Oil on canvas, Framed: 36 x 21 1/4 x 1 3/4 in. (91.4 x 54 x 4.4 cm) Unframed: 30 1/4 x 15 1/4 in. (76.8 x 38.7 cm)
Credit Line Edward Joseph Gallagher III Memorial Collection
Object Number 1952.208
This collage-like painting mimics the packaging associated with “Bull” Durham, an American tobacco brand popular in the early 20th century. The sprinkle of color at the bottom right evokes loose tobacco being poured into a cigarette paper. “1917” refers to both tobacco tax legislation of that year and America’s entrance into World War I (1914–1918). With the rush to send tobacco to overseas soldiers, the “Bull” cigarette became an instant symbol of patriotism despite the brand’s marketing tactics, which were at times overtly racist in their depictions of Black Americans. Here, Stuart Davis appropriated the brand’s medallion and adopted the style and subdued palette of European Analytic Cubism, which championed representing objects from several different points of view simultaneously. With these techniques, Davis merged artistic form and commercial content to explore everyday American consumerism.
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Baltimore Museum of Art. The Edward Joseph Gallagher III Memorial Collection. [Baltimore, MD]: Baltimore Museum of Art, [1964], page 28.
John R. Lane, 'Stuart Davis: Art and Art Theory', Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978, no. 7, p. 204, p.94, ill. p. 95
William C. Agee, 'Stuart Davis: The Breakthrough Years, 1922-1924', New York: Salander-O'Reilly Galleries, Inc., 1987 (exh. cat. 11/4/1987 - 12/26/1987), fig. 2.
Barbara Zabel, 'Stuart Davis's Appropriation of Advertising: The Tobacco Series, 1921-1924', American Art, Autumn, 1991, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 56-67
Philip Rylands, 'Stuart Davis', 1997, p. 98-99
Kelder, Diane. 'Stuart Davis: Art and Theory, 1920 - 31,' New York: Pierpoint Morgan Library, 2002. pp. 4 ill.
Mariea Caudill Dennison, 'Burlington Magazine: Stuart Davis: standard brands and product identities in some paintings of the 1920s', 2003, ill.
Barbara Zabel, 'Assembling Art: THe Machine and the American Avant-Garde,' Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2004. pp.64, ill.
Cooper, Harry and Barbara Haskell, "Stuart Davis In Full Swing," Washington D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 2016, pp.60, ill.
Baltimore Museum of Art News, December-January 1953, p. 4

Matthew Baigell, "American Art and National Identity: The 1920's", Arts Magazine, February 1987, pp. 48, 52, fig. 11, p. 52

Artist

Stuart Davis

1891–1963

American, 1892-1964
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