Stuart Davis
Bull Durham
1920
Scroll
Stuart Davis
Bull Durham
1920
Physical Qualities
Oil on canvas, Framed: 36 x 21 1/4 x 1 3/4 in. (91.4 x 54 x 4.4 cm) Unframed: 30 1/4 x 15 1/4 in. (76.8 x 38.7 cm)
Credit Line
Edward Joseph Gallagher III Memorial Collection
Object Number
1952.208
This collage-like painting mimics the packaging associated with “Bull” Durham, an American tobacco brand popular in the early 20th century. The sprinkle of color at the bottom right evokes loose tobacco being poured into a cigarette paper. “1917” refers to both tobacco tax legislation of that year and America’s
entrance into World War I (1914–1918). With the rush to send tobacco to overseas soldiers, the “Bull” cigarette became an instant symbol of patriotism despite the brand’s marketing tactics, which were at times overtly racist in their depictions of Black Americans.
Here, Stuart Davis appropriated the brand’s medallion and adopted the style and subdued palette of European Analytic Cubism, which championed representing objects from several different points of view simultaneously. With these techniques, Davis merged artistic form and commercial content to explore
everyday American consumerism.
Link Benesch Reinstall (Spring 2008)
AMW Reinstallation 2014
In Full Swing: The Art of Stuart Davis
American Wing Rotations 2020
American Wing Rotations 2021
American Modernism Reinstallation
Cone Wing Rotations 2021
American Wing Rotations 2023
American Wing Rotations 2024
American Wing Rotations 2025
Baltimore Museum of Art. The Edward Joseph Gallagher III Memorial Collection. [Baltimore, MD]: Baltimore Museum of Art, [1964], page 28.
John R. Lane, 'Stuart Davis: Art and Art Theory', Brooklyn: The Brooklyn Museum, 1978, no. 7, p. 204, p.94, ill. p. 95
William C. Agee, 'Stuart Davis: The Breakthrough Years, 1922-1924', New York: Salander-O'Reilly Galleries, Inc., 1987 (exh. cat. 11/4/1987 - 12/26/1987), fig. 2.
Barbara Zabel, 'Stuart Davis's Appropriation of Advertising: The Tobacco Series, 1921-1924', American Art, Autumn, 1991, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 56-67
Philip Rylands, 'Stuart Davis', 1997, p. 98-99
Kelder, Diane. 'Stuart Davis: Art and Theory, 1920 - 31,' New York: Pierpoint Morgan Library, 2002. pp. 4 ill.
Mariea Caudill Dennison, 'Burlington Magazine: Stuart Davis: standard brands and product identities in some paintings of the 1920s', 2003, ill.
Barbara Zabel, 'Assembling Art: THe Machine and the American Avant-Garde,' Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2004. pp.64, ill.
Cooper, Harry and Barbara Haskell, "Stuart Davis In Full Swing," Washington D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 2016, pp.60, ill.
Baltimore Museum of Art News, December-January 1953, p. 4
Matthew Baigell, "American Art and National Identity: The 1920's", Arts Magazine, February 1987, pp. 48, 52, fig. 11, p. 52
Matthew Baigell, "American Art and National Identity: The 1920's", Arts Magazine, February 1987, pp. 48, 52, fig. 11, p. 52
