Sawing and drilling; beak cavity may be string-sawn (after drilling a few holes); very shallow drilling to create eye on either side and pelage on either side, suggesting you had to turn the object or have some raking light in order to see the full details: pelage, mouth, irises, relief around the iris. One side of the beak to the other: different shades of the same stone (an intentional choice--natural to the stone). A variety of lightly drilled features on the top along the beak (Bryan Cockrell, Dumbarton Oaks, 12/11/2015).