Adapting a process developed by Egyptian and Syrian glassmakers, specialized artisans created lusterware, a deluxe product associated with the city of Kashan in central Iran. They used expensive metallic oxides (usually silver or copper) to decorate previously glazed and fired fritware vessels and tiles which, after a second firing, were polished to create a shiny surface. Animals and birds were among the motifs used to decorate lusterwares.